SAP FI stands for Financial Accounting and it is one of important modules of SAP ERP. It is used to store the financial data of an organization. SAP FI helps to analyze the financial conditions of a company in the market. It can integrate with other SAP modules like SAP SD, SAP PP, SAP MM, SAP SCM, etc.

SAP FI comprises of the following sub-components −

• Finance Accounting General Ledger.
• Finance Accounting Accounts Receivable and Payable.
• Finance Accounting Asset Accounting.
• Finance Accounting Bank Accounting.
• Finance Accounting Travel Management.
• Finance Accounting Fund Management.
• Finance Accounting Legal Consolidation.

WHERE DO WE USE SAP FI?

SAP FI module enables you to manage financial accounting data within an international framework of multiple companies, currencies, and languages. SAP FI module mainly deals with the following financial components −

• Fixed asset
• Accrual
• Cash journal
• Accounts receivable and payable
• Inventory
• Tax accounting
• General ledger
• Fast close functions
• Financial statements
• Parallel valuations
• Master data governance

SAP FI consultants are mainly responsible for implementing Financial Accounting and Cost Accounting with SAP ERP Financials.

SAP FI is one of the module which is designed to facilitate the following business processes in an enterprise & its has a collection of submodules, as depicted in the following screenshot −

• General Ledger (FI-GL)
• Accounts Payable (FI-AP)
• Accounts Receivable (FI-AR)
• Bank Accounting (FI-BL)
• Asset Accounting (FI-AA)
• Funds Management (FI-FM)
• Travel Management (FI-TV)
• Special Purpose Ledger (FI-SL)

FINANCE ACCOUNTING – GENERAL LEDGER

A General Ledger contains all the transaction details of a company. It acts as the primary record to maintain all accounting details. Common general ledger entries are customer transactions, purchases from vendors, and internal company transactions.

Common T-codes that are used to maintain G/L accounting −

• F-06
• F-07
• FBCJ
• FB50
• FB02

FINANCE ACCOUNTING – ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE AND PAYABLE (AR / AP)

It includes the details of amount that is paid by the customer and the amount that is paid by company to the vendors. In other words, AP includes all the vendor transactions and AR includes all the customer transactions.

Common SAP AR T-codes −

• FD11
• FD10
• FRCA
• VD01

Common SAP AR Tables −

• KNA1
• KNVV
• BSIW

Common SAP AP T-codes −

• XK01
• MK01
• MK02
• FCHU

Common SAP AP Tables −

• LFA1
• LFM2
• LFBK

FINANCE ACCOUNTING ASSET ACCOUNTING

Asset Accounting deals with all the fixed asset of the company and provides all the transaction details about fixed assets. The asset accounting module of Finance Accounting works closely with other modules like SAP MM, SAP Plant Management, EWM, etc.

Common T-codes used for Asset Accounting −

• AT01
• AT03
• AUN0
• ASEM

Example − When a company purchases an item that can be considered as an asset, the details will be passed to Asset accounting module from the SAP MM module.

FINANCE ACCOUNTING BANK ACCOUNTING

It deals with all the transactions done through bank. It includes all the incoming and outgoing transactions performed, balance management and bank transaction master data.

You can create and process any type of bank transactions using the Bank accounting component.

Common Bank Accounting module tables that are used for this are −

• LFBK
• BNKA
• KNBK

Common T-codes with bank accounting −

• FIBLAROP
• OBEBGEN
• FI13
• FF_6
• RVND

FINANCE ACCOUNTING TRAVEL MANAGEMENT

This module is used to manage all the travel expenses of a company. It involves all the travels request, their planning and expenses involved in all the requested trips.

It helps an organization to manage travel expenses in an efficient manner, as it provides integration with all the other modules of SAP.

Common Travel Management T-codes −

• PR05
• PRTS
• TRIP
• PR00

Common Travel Management tables −

• TA22B
• PTRV_HEAD
• FTPT_PLAN
• FTPT_ITEM

FINANCE ACCOUNTING FUND MANAGEMENT

This module is used to manage funds in a company. Fund Management module interacts with other modules like Bank accounting, General Ledger (G/L, SAP AR/AP, and SAP Material Management, etc. to get fund details.

It involves all the transactions for fund receiving, fund expenditure, and future expenses. It helps a company to create budget forecasting and to use the funds in a proper way.

Common tables that store Funds management data −

• FMFCTR
• FMIFIIT
• FMIT

Common SAP Funds Management T-codes −

• FM5I
• FMWA
• FMEQ

FINANCE ACCOUNTING LEGAL CONSOLIDATION

It helps an organization to treat its multiple units as a single company, hence it enables to view all the details as a single financial statement for all the companies under that group. An organization can get a clear idea of its financial conditions as a single entity.

Common tables in FI Legal Consolidation module −

• FILCP
• MCDX
• GLT3
• T000K

Please note – FI-Legal Consolidation module was supported in older versions of SAP ERP implementation. This work is performed by SAP Business Process Consolidation BPC and SEM-BCS now.

• The SAP FI certification IUT’s are C_TFIN52_64, C_TFIN52_65, etc.
• There are differences in the ECC versions (like EHP4 or EHP5).

Benefits to Business:

Record all finance processes in a comprehensive general ledger

Support multidimensional financial accounting and reporting standards

Accelerate accounting by integrating processes that can be managed in real time

Consolidate legal and management processes in a single application

Leverage real-time data analysis to shrink the length, risk, and cost of financial reporting